Smart cities y su desarrollo: dinámicas económicas, perspectivas globales y latinoamericanas desde un análisis bibliométrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rtend.262701.293Palabras clave:
ciudad, desarrollo económico, economía, población urbana, tecnología avanzadaResumen
Introducción: Las Smart Cities (SC) se ubican en la intersección de la economía de la innovación y la economía urbana, donde la digitalización y el análisis de datos transforman la productividad y los modelos de gestión pública. Este fenómeno redefine las dinámicas de gobernanza y demanda nuevas estrategias para el desarrollo territorial. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las principales tendencias de investigación sobre SC desde una perspectiva económico-urbana, con especial énfasis en América Latina. Metodología: Se utilizó un enfoque mixto que combinó análisis bibliométrico de publicaciones indexadas en Scopus y revisión crítica de más de 60 artículos recientes para caracterizar la evolución temática y productiva. Resultados: Los resultados muestran un crecimiento anual del 37,7% en la producción académica entre 2018 y 2024, destacándose China e India. Las áreas de investigación incluyen Internet de las cosas (IoT), blockchain, sostenibilidad y planificación urbana. En América Latina, la participación científica es del 5%, con énfasis en gobernanza, inclusión y brechas digitales e institucionales. Discusión: Los estudios indican que el paradigma de las SC está en rápido crecimiento, aunque aún en proceso de consolidación, particularmente en regiones con capacidades desiguales. Conclusiones: Fortalecer las SC en América Latina requiere mejorar la infraestructura TIC, promover la gobernanza colaborativa y desarrollar indicadores centrados en las personas y el territorio.
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