Metabolic indicators and their relationship with reproductive efficiency in dairy cows in the high tropics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.20234001.203Keywords:
non-esterified fatty acids, BUN, β-Hydroxybutyrate, calving interval, services per conceptionAbstract
The specialized herds of the high tropics of Nariño are characterized by semi-intensive breeding models, that is, feeding based on grazing and supplementation. The objective was to analyze the milk production of grazing Holstein cows under conditions of the high tropics, taking into account the energetic and protein metabolites, and their relationship with the dry matter intake (CMS/Kg/d), the body condition (BC), and the reproductive variables. Three periods of lactation were evaluated, thus, between 4-10 days (P1), 45-55 days (P2), and between 185-200 days (P3). The investigation was carried out in four dairy production farms. The forage supply consisted of a mixture of Lolium hybridum, Cenchrus clandestinus Hoschst ex Chiov, Holcus lanatus and Trifolium repens, plus commercial concentrate. A total of 24 Holstein animals (six per productive system) from three births onwards were used, from which blood samples were obtained to determine: non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, total protein (PT), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The results showed that milk production during P1 is influenced by CC and body weight (Kg) by +0.04 liters of milk per unit of change in this variable. In P2, the positive incidence variables were PT, BUN, glucose, NEFA, BHB, triglycerides, and cholesterol, and in P3, the increase in CMS made it possible to show that as lactation progresses in more than 180 days, the animals substantially improve their body condition; likewise the NEFA and BHB indicators are related to a better reproductive response.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Akbar, H.; Grala, T.M.; Riboni, M.V.; Cardoso, F.C.; Verkerk, G.; McGowan, J.; ... Matthews, L. (2015). Body condition score at calving affects systemic and hepatic transcriptome indicators of inflammation and nutrient metabolism in grazing dairy cows. Journal of dairy science. 98(2): 1019-1032. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8584
AOAC. (1995). Official methods of analysis: International suite. Arlington Virginia, Estados Unidos: autor. 78 (1-1): 9A–26A https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.1.9A
Apráez, G.J.E., Delgado, J.D.; Solarte, P.C. (2016). Evaluación In vitro de la producción de metano en variedades de pastos neozelandeses del altiplano de Nariño. Veterinaria y Zootecnia. 10(2): 90-105. 10.17151/vetzo.2016.10.2.8
Carrasco, M.C. (2016). Técnicas de regularización en regresión: Implementación y aplicaciones. https://idus.us.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11441/43746/Carrasco%20Carrasco%2C%20Mar%C3%ADa%20TFG.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Campos, R.; Orozco, A.C.; Burbano, G.L.Z.; Córdoba, P. A.O. (2018). Alteraciones bioquímicas y metabólicas en el periodo de transición en vacas lecheras. RIAA. 9(2): 11. https://doi.org/10.22490/21456453.2123
Correa, H.J.; Pabón, M.L.; Carulla, J.E. (2009). Estimación del consumo de materia seca en vacas Holstein bajo pastoreo en el trópico alto de Antioquia. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 21(4): 1-20. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd21/4/corr21059.htm
David, D.M.; Gaona, R.C.; Apráez, J.E.; Terranova, M. V.; Zambrano, G.L. (2018). Metabolic and reproductive response to energy supplementation in dairy cows in tropical highlands. Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas. 35(2): 51-63. https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.183502.91
Drackley, J.K.; Cardoso, F.C. (2014). Prepartum and postpartum nutritional management to optimize fertility in high-yielding dairy cows in confined TMR systems. Animal. 8(s1): 5-14. 10.1017/S1751731114000731
De Mol, R.M.; Goselink, R.M.A.; van Riel, J.; Knijn, H.M.; Van Knegsel, A.T.M. (2016). The relation between eating time and feed intake of dairy cows. In: Kamphuis, C.; Steeneveld, W. Precision dairy farming 2016. pp: 387-394. Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-829-2
García, A.; Cardoso, F.C.; Campos, R.; Thedy, D.X.; González, F.H. (2011). Metabolic evaluation of dairy cows submitted to three different strategies to decrease the effects of negative energy balance in early postpartum. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira. 31: 11-17.
Garzón, A.A.M.; Oliver, E.O.J. (2018). Epidemiología de la cetosis en bovinos: una revisión. CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. 13(1): 42-61. 10.21615/cesmvz.13.1.4
Giraldo, L.A.; Carulla, J.E.; Calle, M.A.; Giraldo, L; Carulla, J; Calle, M. (2013). Metabolismo digestivo de razas bovinas (bon, Holstein, cebú) en pasturas tropicales de calidad contrastante. Ed. Durán, C. Consideraciones sobre el mejoramiento genético y factores asociados en bovinos criollos colombianos y grupos multirraciales. pp. 103-127. Palmira Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Kaneko, J.; Harvey, J.; Bruss, M. (2008). Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed.. San Diego-California: Academic Press. Inc. 589p.
López, O.R.; Tinajero, P.T.; López, O.R.; Mendoza M.G.D.; Montiel, R.; de Dios, J.; ... Ruíz, F.A. (2017). Relaciones entre calcio, ácidos grasos no esterificados, e insulina sanguínea en preparto y leche bovina perdida en el inicio de la lactancia. Nova scientia. 9(19): 306-328.
DANE-Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. (2017). Informe de Coyuntura Económica Regional Departamento de Nariño. p.16, 17, 54. www.dane.gov.co
Mann, S.; Yepes, F.L.; Overton, T.R.; Wakshlag, J.J.; Lock, A.L.; Ryan, C.M.; Nydam, D.V. (2015). Dry period plane of energy: Effects on feed intake, energy balance, milk production, and composition in transition dairy cows J. Dairy Sci. 98(5): 3366-3382. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-9024
McCarthy, M.M.; Mann, S.; Nydam, D.V.; Overton, T.R.; McArt, J.A.A. (2015). Concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate in dairy cows are not well correlated during the transition period. J. Dairy Sci. 98(9): 6284-6290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-9446
Seifi, H.A.; Gorji-Dooz, M.; Mohri, M.; Dalir-Naghadeh, B.; Farzaneh, N. (2007). Variations of energy-related biochemical metabolites during transition period in dairy cows. Comparative Clinical Pathology. 16: 253-258. 10.1007/s00580-007-0682-2
SAGAN - Sociedad de Agricultores y Ganaderos de Nariño. (2022). Censo Bovino Histórico. Censo: predios y población bovina/bufalina por sexo y categorías de edad - año 2022. https://sagan.com.co/informacion-estadistica/
Solarte, C.E.; Zambrano, G.L. (2012). Characterization and genetic evaluation of Holstein cattle in Nariño, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias. 25(4): 539-547.
Ural, D.A (2016). The use of new practices for assessment of body condition score. Revista MVZ Córdoba. 21(1): 5154-5162.
Vanholder, T.; Papen, J.; Bemers, R.; Vertenten, G.; Berge, A.C.B. (2015). Risk factors for subclinical and clinical ketosis and association with production parameters in dairy cows in the Netherlands. Journal of dairy science. 98(2): 880-888. 10.3168/jds.2014-8362
Wang, Y.; Hou, Q.; Cai, G.; Hu, Z.; Shi, K.; Yan, Z.; Wang, Z. (2017). Effects of Dietary Energy Density in the Dry Period on the Production Performance and Metabolism of Dairy Cows. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology. 8(03): 104. https://doi.org/10.4236/abb.2017.83008
Yeshambel, M. (2023) Negative energy balance and its implication on productive and reproductive performance of early lactating dairy cows: review paper. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 51(1): 220-229. 10.1080/09712119.2023.2176859
Zambrano, J.C.; Echeverri, J.; Herrera, A.L. (2019). Genomic Evaluation of Colombian Holstein Cattle Using Imputed Genotypes at Medium Density. Revista MVZ Córdoba. 24(2): 7248-7255.
Zambrano, J.C.; Rincón, J.C.; Echeverri, J.J. (2014). Parámetros genéticos para caracteres productivos y reproductivos en Holstein y Jersey colombiano. Archivos de zootecnia. 63(243): 495-506.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
