About the Journal

^{Focus, scope, and target audience}

The journal Tendencias, affiliated with the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences at the University of Nariño, is a peer-reviewed, indexed, digital, open-access scientific publication focused on the multidisciplinary field of the social sciences.

Its purpose is to disseminate research findings and original academic contributions produced by researchers, groups, and research centers at both national and international levels. The journal promotes ideological and conceptual pluralism, as well as transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary dialogue in economics, business administration, public accounting, marketing, international trade, and regional development.

The publication is aimed at emerging and established researchers, faculty members, professionals from the public and private sectors, entrepreneurs, public policymakers, and undergraduate and graduate students interested in the analysis of socioeconomic, organizational, and territorial dynamics.

Publication Frequency: Semiannual: January-June and July-December. Issues are published on January 1 and July 1 of each year.

Format: Peer-reviewed, indexed, digital, open-access scientific journal.

Languages accepted for submission: Spanish, English, and Portuguese.

Indexing and visibility

The journal follows an international peer review process and is indexed in Publindex. In addition, it is registered in academic dissemination systems, databases, and indexing services such as SciELO Colombia, SciELO Citation Index, DOAJ, Dialnet, OpenAlex, Academia, Biblat, CIRC, CLASE, CZ3, DOTEC-Colombia, EBSCOhost™, Business Source Corporate Plus Fuente Académica Premier, ERIH PLUS, Google Scholar, LATINDEX, LatinREV, Mendeley, Scilit, and VCU, among others.

^{Funding Model and Open Access}

The journal Tendencias operates under a Diamond Open Access model: it does not charge readers for access to its content, nor does it charge authors for the submission, processing, or publication of articles. Funding is provided by the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences at the University of Nariño, which enables the journal to waive publication fees for authors and maintain its editorial independence.

Consequently, the journal does not charge Article Processing Charges (APCs), does not compensate reviewers, and guarantees free, immediate, and unrestricted access to all its content. Users may read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, link to, or use the full texts for lawful purposes in accordance with the definition of open access established by the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI).

^{Submission of Articles}

The journal accepts original and unpublished academic manuscripts written in Spanish, English, or Portuguese that have not been previously published or simultaneously submitted for review elsewhere.

All submissions must be made through the OJS and must include the required documentation: a declaration of originality and transfer of rights, acknowledgment of third-party authorship where applicable, authorization for the use of intellectual property rights, a declaration of conflicts of interest, and the curriculum vitae of the author(s).

Questions regarding the editorial process may be directed to the institutional email address: revistatendencias@udenar.edu.co

Article Categories

Academic texts may be classified into different categories according to their purpose and focus. A research article is characterized by presenting original and detailed findings derived from research projects. It generally follows a structured format that includes an introduction, methodology, results, and conclusions.

A review article, on the other hand, aims to compile, synthesize, and analyze previous research on a specific topic. This type of article seeks to identify advances, debates, and trends within a field of study through a rigorous literature review and, when relevant, the use of statistical analysis tools that allow for a more in-depth examination beyond a simple description.

Finally, a reflective article focuses on developing a critical analysis of a topic derived from previously completed research. This analysis may be approached from theoretical or practical perspectives and must be supported by original sources. Its recommended structure includes an introduction, a body of argument, and conclusions.

Accepted articles will undergo copyediting and layout formatting. Before publication, authors will receive a PDF proof for review and approval.

^{Editorial and Peer Review Process}

The review process is conducted using a double-blind system (double-blind peer review). National or International peer reviewers receive the manuscript without any identification of the authors, and the authors do not know the identity of the reviewers. The editorial decision is based on the reviewer’s comments and on compliance with the journal’s policies.

Selection Procedure

The editor conducts a preliminary review of the manuscript’s editorial quality and relevance.
The editorial team verifies compliance with the author guidelines and checks for similarity and originality using Turinitin.
If the manuscript does not meet the requirements, the rejection is communicated along with the corresponding reasons and, when applicable, the similarity report. If compliance is partial, it is returned to the authors for revisions.
When the manuscript meets the formal and editorial requirements, it is sent for double-blind peer review.
The reviewers provide their opinion on the possibility of publication. If the reviews are contradictory, the Editorial Committee may request a third review or make a reasoned editorial decision.
Once approved, the manuscript is sent back to the authors for final revisions, if required.
The approved article proceeds to proofreading, layout, and preparation for publication.

Possible evaluation outcomes

Publishable without revisions.
Publishable with minor revisions.
Publishable with substantial revisions.
Not publishable.

When revisions are requested, authors must address them and submit a new version for editorial review and verification. The manuscript will be included in the pool of publishable articles only when it meets all the academic, ethical, and formal requirements of the relevant issue.

Estimated timelines

The academic publication process comprises several stages with estimated timelines intended to ensure the quality and rigor of submitted manuscripts. First, the preliminary editorial review usually takes between 10 and 15 business days, during which compliance with formal requirements and the thematic relevance of the article are assessed.

Subsequently, the manuscript proceeds to the peer-review stage, which lasts approximately 15 business days, although this timeframe may vary depending on the complexity of the work and the availability of specialized reviewers.

Once the review comments are received, authors have an estimated period of 10 to 15 business days to make the requested corrections and revisions. After the revised version is submitted, the final editorial decision is typically issued within an additional 10 to 15 business days.

Overall, the estimated total time for the publication of an article ranges from six to eight months from the initial receipt of the manuscript, depending on the progress of each phase of the editorial process.

Rejection rate

The current rejection rate stands at 70%, a figure that reflects the journal’s academic rigor, editorial selectivity, and commitment to the originality and quality of published works.

^{Code of Editorial Ethics, Scientific Integrity, and Plagiarism Prevention}

The journal Tendencias is committed to ensuring standards of ethics, transparency, academic rigor, and editorial quality for the scientific community. Its policies are aligned with the principles established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), the Singapore Statement on Scientific Integrity, and international best practices for peer review.

The content of published articles is the sole responsibility of their authors. Before publication, all manuscripts undergo editorial review and evaluation by recognized experts in the corresponding fields.

More information: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Ad0jF70M8ALNPdMu2IFN-6pCZ_TIJlFD/view

Publication and Dissemination Rights

Authors who publish in the journal Tendencias of the University of Nariño transfer their economic copyright rights to the Institution; consequently, they authorize the University of Nariño to disseminate their articles through any print or electronic medium, including the Internet, that it deems appropriate. In addition, authors must submit a statement accompanying the manuscript certifying that it is original, that it is their own work, and that it has not been submitted for publication elsewhere.

Originality and Similarity Check

All manuscripts must be original and unpublished. To prevent plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and duplicate publication, the editorial team uses Turnitin to assess similarity levels and verify proper citation of sources.

By submitting an article, authors agree to have the manuscript reviewed using this tool. Any indication of plagiarism, fraud, self-plagiarism, or duplicate publication will be handled in accordance with the journal’s ethics and transparency policies and COPE guidelines. Depending on the severity of the case, the article may be rejected, subjected to further review, or retracted.

In the Case of Plagiarism

Plagiarism or fraud may occur in different forms: direct copying of text without quotation marks or proper citation of the source; modifying words from another text to present it as one’s own; paraphrasing without appropriate acknowledgement; reproducing previously published texts by the same author; and failure to provide sufficient acknowledgement of contributions. In cases where it is determined that authors have submitted articles to the journal Tendencias that reproduce parts of previously published works without the corresponding citations, the institution or institutions with which the author(s) are affiliated will be notified. The same procedure will apply when evidence of fraud is identified after publication of the article. Additionally, the journal will proceed with the withdrawal of the article from all platforms where removal is possible.

Conduct constituting plagiarism or fraud

Copying text without quotation marks or a proper citation.
Modifying words from another author’s text to present it as one’s own work.
Paraphrasing without acknowledging the source.
Reproducing texts previously published by the same author without proper citation.
Omitting substantive acknowledgments or recognition of contributions.

When it is confirmed that a manuscript reproduces sections of published works without the appropriate citations, the journal will notify the institution or institutions affiliated with the author(s) If such evidence is identified after publication, the article will be withdrawn, whenever possible, from the relevant dissemination platforms.

Retractions, Corrections, and Errata

The journal will issue corrections, errata, or retractions when it identifies unintentional errors, research misconduct, or unethical practices that affect the validity, reliability, or integrity of published articles. The applicable procedures will be governed by the criteria established in its editorial policies and by international standards of academic integrity.

To consult the complete procedure, applicable criteria, and policies regarding ethical conduct and retractions, please visit: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wzZkZt0XMF8Vbjpk2LPm6bQYfsyNMiSC/view?usp=sharing

^{Ethical Principles of the Review Process}

Reviewers must act with academic integrity, scientific ethics, objectivity, and strict confidentiality. Information contained in manuscripts under review may not be used for personal, academic, professional, or institutional gain.

Reviewers must refrain from using unpublished data, appropriating ideas or results, sharing manuscripts with third parties, making discriminatory or inappropriate judgments, or conducting evaluations influenced by personal, ideological, or conflicts of interest.

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Review

Reviewers must not upload complete or partial manuscripts to generative artificial intelligence platforms or automated tools that could compromise the confidentiality of the editorial process, unless expressly authorized by the journal Tendencias. Any auxiliary use of such technologies must respect confidentiality, academic integrity, and the protection of authors’ intellectual property rights.

Disagreements among reviewers

When conflicting evaluations arise, the Editorial Board may request additional revisions, refer the manuscript to a third reviewer, or issue a reasoned editorial decision based on the evaluations received and the journal’s editorial policy.

^{Conflicts of Interest}

To preserve the independence, objectivity, and scientific rigor of published works, authors must disclose in writing any financial, institutional, professional, or personal relationships that could actually or potentially influence the content of the manuscript.

The existence of a potential conflict does not necessarily prevent publication. The journal’s policy seeks to ensure that such situations are openly identified so that reviewers and readers may evaluate the manuscript with complete and transparent information.

^{Copyright, Dissemination, and Licensing}

Authors whose articles are accepted transfer the corresponding economic copyright rights to the journal Tendencias through a duly completed and signed declaration of originality and transfer of rights. This transfer authorizes the University of Nariño to disseminate the articles through print or electronic media, including the Internet.

Published articles may be used, reproduced, transmitted, and displayed for academic purposes in institutional or thematic repositories, personal websites, and other academic environments, provided that the complete bibliographic reference to the journal Tendencias, including author(s), year, title, journal, volume, issue, pages, and URL, is properly cited and that the materials are not used for commercial purposes.

Copyright

Copyright Notice

Articles accepted for publication in the journal Tendencias must comply with the following conditions:

Authors transfer the corresponding economic copyright rights to the journal Tendencias. To this end, they must submit the Declaration of Originality and Transfer of Rights, duly completed and bearing original signatures.
Articles published in the journal Tendencias may be used, reproduced, transmitted, and displayed for academic purposes in institutional and thematic repositories, as well as on personal websites, provided that the complete bibliographic reference to Tendencias (author(s), year, article title, journal title, volume, issue, pages, and URL) is properly cited and the material is not used for commercial purposes (self-archiving policy).
Any use for purposes other than those specified above, or publication on another electronic platform, requires prior written authorization from the journal editor.

Licensing

The journal Tendencias is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution–Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Open Access Policy

The journal Tendencias is an open-access journal, which means that all content is freely available at no cost to users or their institutions. Users may read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without prior permission from the publisher or the author. This policy is consistent with the definition of open access established by the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI).

^{Digital Preservation and Storage}

The journal ensures the preservation of its editorial content through electronic backups in the University of Nariño’s institutional open-access repository, the Institutional Digital Resources System (SIRED), as well as through the CLOCKSS service.

These mechanisms enable the collection, management, preservation, and dissemination of the journal’s digital scientific production through internationally standardized protocols. Through CLOCKSS, articles are stored in multiple secure copies, contributing to their long-term availability even if the original publishing platform ceases operations.

^{Advertising, Complaints, and Claims}

The journal Tendencias does not accept or publish advertising. Likewise, it does not maintain commercial relationships that could influence its editorial decisions, thereby safeguarding the independence, integrity, and objectivity of the scientific information it disseminates.

The journal maintains strict confidentiality regarding information related to authors, reviewers, and manuscripts throughout the entire editorial process. Complaints, appeals, or claims will be handled with discretion, respect, and due consideration for all parties involved.

Questions, complaints, or claims may be directed to revistatendencias@udenar.edu.co.

Confidentiality

The journal Tendencias is committed to maintaining absolute confidentiality regarding all information related to authors and the content of manuscripts throughout the editorial process. Any complaint or appeal arising during the editorial process will be handled with the utmost respect and confidentiality, ensuring that all parties involved are treated with due consideration.

International Alignment

This guide is aligned with international standards for peer review and editorial best practices adopted by indexed scientific journals, as well as with the guidelines established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).