Board of directors and value of Chilean companies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rtend.252601.265Keywords:
Chile, board of directors, economic evaluation, finance, corporate governanceAbstract
Introduction: Boards of directors are key to organizational performance. This study analyzes the composition of boards in non-financial Chilean companies between 2019 and 2022, focusing on the number of members, female participation, and professional diversity. Objective: To assess how these characteristics impact management practices and the strategic direction of organizations. Methodology: A statistical description and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between the variables and the company's value (Price to Book, Price to Sales, and EV to EBITDA). Results: The analysis shows an average of 7.9 members per board, low female participation, and a concentration in five professional areas. The number of members is positively related to the company's value in all cases. Female participation shows a negative relationship, while professional diversity has a positive impact in some cases, although not significant in others. Additionally, company size and indebtedness also influence company value. Conclusions: The number of board members positively impacts company value, while female participation and professional diversity show a less clear influence.
Downloads
References
(1) Ahmed, K., Hossain, M. & Adams, M. (2006). The effects of board composition and board size on the informativeness of annual accounting earnings. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 14(5), 418–431. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2006.00515.x
(2) Améstica, L., King, A., Moraga, V. y Romero, R. (2021). Influencia del directorio en el desempeño del Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano. Revista Finanzas y Política Económica, 13(1), 225-251. https://doi.org/10.14718/revfinanzpolitecon.v13.n1.2021.10
(3) Arenas, F., Santander, V. y Campos, R. (2020). La incidencia de la diversidad en el funcionamiento del consejo de administración en Chile, período 2015-2017. Journal Globalization, Competitiveness and Governability, 14(2), 34–49. https://doi.org/10.3232/GCG.2020.V14.N2.01
(4) Arévalo, M., Acuña, A. y King, A. (2020). Composición del consejo de administración y desempeño financiero en mercados emergentes de América Latina: evidencia para Brasil, Chile y México. Estudios Gerenciales, 36(156), 272–287. https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2020.156.3739
(5) Bantel, K. A. (1993). Strategic Clarity in Banking: Role of Top Management-Team Demography. Psychological Reports, 73(3), 1187–1201. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.73.3f.1187
(6) Barroso, C., Villegas, M. y Pérez, L. (2010). ¿Son efectivos los consejos de administración? la eficacia del consejo y los resultados de la empresa. Investigaciones Europeas de Direccion y Economia de La Empresa, 16(3), 107–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1135-2523(12)60037-9
(7) Bøhren, Ø. & Strøm, R. Ø. (2007). Aligned, Informed, and Decisive: Characteristics of Value-Creating Boards. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.966407
(8) Bonn, I., Yoshikawa, T. & Phan, P. (2004). Effects of board structure on firm performance: a comparison between Japan and Australia. Asian Business & Management, 3, 105–125. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.abm.9200068
(9) Briano, G. & Rodríguez, L. (2016). Corporate governance ratings on listed companies: An institutional perspective in Latin America. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 25(2), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redeen.2016.01.001
(10) Campbell, K. & Mínguez, A. (2008). Gender diversity in the boardroom and firm financial performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(3), 435–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9630-y
(11) Cox, T. H. & Blake, S. (1991). Managing cultural diversity: implications for organizational competitiveness. Academy of Management Perspectives, 5(3), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1991.4274465
(12) Cruzat, C., King, A. y Améstica, L. (2021). Desempeño financiero y tipología de profesionales en directorios de empresas brasileñas. Podium, 39, 121–138. https://doi.org/10.31095/podium.2021.39.8
(13) Darmadi, S. (2013). Board members’ education and firm performance: evidence from a developing economy. International Journal of Commerce and Management, 23(2), 113–135. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/10569211311324911
(14) Erhardt, N. L., Werbel, J. D. & Shrader, C. B. (2003). Board of director diversity and firm financial performance. Corporate Governance, 11(2), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8683.00011
(15) Fernández, C., Pathan, S. & Durand, R. (2024). Do women directors impact the cost of bank financing? Evidence from Australia. Revista de Contabilidad-Spanish Accounting Review, 27(1), 110–129. https://doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.478341
(16) Jensen, M. C. & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
(17) Jianakoplos, N. & Bernasek, A. (1998). Are women more risk averse? Economic Inquiry, 36(4), 620–630. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1998.tb01740.x
(18) King, A., Améstica, L., Moraga, V. y Arévalo, M. (2018). Influencia del consejo de administración en el desempeño de las empresas chilenas. Opción, 34(87), 50–71.
(19) Lakatos, Z. (2020). Do larger boards improve shareholder value creation? - Effects of the board size on business performance in Eastern Central Europe. Society and Economy, 42(3), 245–279. https://doi.org/10.1556/204.2020.00007
(20) Lehn, K. M., Patro, S. & Zhao, M. (2009). Determinants of the size and composition of us corporate boards : 1935-2000. Financial Management, 38(4), 747–780. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-053X.2009.01055.x
(21) Merendino, A. & Melville, R. (2019). The board of directors and firm performance: empirical evidence from listed companies. Corporate Governance, 19(3), 508–551. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-06-2018-0211
(22) Ministerio de Economía. (2024). Ley Más Mujeres en los Directorios, Boletin 15516-34. https://www.economia.gob.cl/2024/08/28/proyecto-de-ley-mas-mujeres-en-directorios-fue-aprobado-y-sera-votado-en-la-sala-de-la-camara-de-diputadas-y-diputados.htm
(23) Murray, A. I. (1989). Top management group heterogeneity and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 125-141. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100710
(24) Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico [OCDE]. (2016), Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE y del G20, Éditions OCDE. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264259171-es
(25) Pavić, T., Aleksic, A. & Pejic, M. (2018). Measuring the impact of board characteristics on the performance of Croatian insurance companies. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 10, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979018765864
(26) Pereira, V. & Filipe, J. (2022). Board Members’ Educational Background and Financial Performance: Evidence from Eurozone Banks. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 11(3), 203–227. https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2022-0030
(27) Proença, C. & Neves, M. E. (2022). Determinants of Iberian companies’ performance: corporate boards and the nonlinearity of gender diversity. Gender in Management, 37(7), 912-932. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-10-2021-0304
(28) Pucheta, M. (2015). El papel del Consejo de Administración en la creación de valor en la empresa. Revista de Contabilidad, 18(2), 148–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcsar.2014.05.004
(29) Romano, G. & Guerrini, A. (2014). The effects of ownership, board size and board composition on the performance of Italian water utilities. Utilities Policy, 31, 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2014.06.002
(30) Rosas, B., Demmler, M. y Razo, L. (2023). Diversidad de género y desempeño financiero en empresas bursátiles mexicanas. Retos, 13(25), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.17163/ret.n25.2023.10
(31) Salehi, M. & Zimon, G. (2021). The effect of intellectual capital and board characteristics on value creation and growth. Sustainability, 13(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137436
(32) Simons, T. & Pelled, L. H. (1999). Understanding executive diversity: more than meets the eye. Human Resource Planning, 22(2), 49-51.
(33) Smith, N., Smith, V. & Verner, M. (2006). Do women in top management affect firm performance? A panel study of 2,500 Danish firms. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 55(7), 569–593. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410400610702160
(34) Torres, S. y Correa, D. (2021). Impacto del gobierno corporativo en el valor de las empresas latinoamericanas: evidencia desde el MILA. Suma de Negocios, 12(26), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.14349/sumneg/2021.v12.n26.a8
(35) Treepongkaruna, S., Kyaw, K. & Jiraporn, P. (2024). ESG controversies and corporate governance: Evidence from board size. Business Strategy and the Environment,1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3697
(36) Verona, M. y Fuertes, W. (2020). Análisis de la presencia de mujeres en el consejo de administración y en la alta dirección en el periodo 2015-2017 en las empresas cotizadas en la Bolsa española. Trascender, Contabilidad y Gestión, (14), 17–37. https://doi.org/10.36791/tcg.v0i14.81
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Those authors who have publications with this journal, accept the following terms:
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional License. The articles can be copied, distributed, adapted and communicated publicly, as long as the credits of the work are recognized and the respective source is quoted. This work can not be used for commercial purposes.
To increase their visibility, documents are sent to databases and indexing systems.
The content of the items is the responsibility of each author, and does not compromise in any way, journal or institution.