contadores
Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
##common.pageHeaderLogo.altText##

Research Article

Vol. 43 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 43 issue. 1 (2026): Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas - January - April 2026

Intraspecific hybrid rootstocks in the agronomic performance of salad-type tomato

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.2026431.287
Submitted
February 16, 2025
Published
2026-04-15

Abstract

Grafting can either favor or limit growth, productivity, and fruit quality; therefore, choosing the right combination of scion and rootstock is essential for the plant’s performance. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of tomato hybrids from the salad group grafted onto different rootstock hybrids. Two experiments were conducted using a combination of the salad-type hybrids Valerim and Dylla with five rootstock hybrids: Shield RZ, Green Rise, Green Power, Shincheonggang, and Guardian. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with seven treatments and four replications per treatment. The treatments consisted of combining the rootstocks with each graft (Valerim and Dylla), in addition to autografting the two grafts and the non-grafted seedlings, that is, the two grafts without grafting. Non-grafted seedlings were defined as the control treatment. The interaction with rootstocks or autografting influences the stem growth and diameter up to 30 days after transplantation of the hybrids Valerim and Dylla. However, the rootstocks evaluated did not affect development or compatibility. For the yield parameters, the combinations Valerim/Valerim, Shield RZ, Guardian, and Green Rise presented positive effects. Grafting did not influence the yield parameters of the Dylla hybrid. Likewise, grafting did not influence the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits of the two hybrids, Valerim and Dylla.

References

  1. Alagöz, G., & Ozer, H. (2019). The effects of planting systems on soil biology and quality attributes of tomatoes. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 65(3), 421-433. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2018.1533246
  2. Albuquerque, E. M., Lima, I. L.E., Souza, N. S., Leão, F. A. N., & Conceição, H. E. O. (2018). Produção de biomassa e produtividade do tomateiro cv. Carolina em diferentes substratos, sob ambiente protegido. Enciclopédia Biosfera, 15(27), 244-253.
  3. Babar, M., Afzal, N., Siddiqui, K., Azhar, A., & Galani, S. (2023). Exploring graft incompatibility markers: Intraspecific and interspecific grafts of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 310, 111762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111762
  4. Balliu, A., Babaj, I., & Sallaku, G. (2024). Root morphology parameters and nutrient acquisition capabilities of grafted tomato plants in root-restricted conditions are subject to salinity and rootstock characteristics. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 30(5), 503-526. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2024.2383847
  5. Bayındır, S., & Kandemir, D. (2023). Root System Architecture of Interspecific Rootstocks and Its Relationship with Yield Components in Grafted Tomato. Gesunde Pflanzen, 75, 329–341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00704-4
  6. Brasil. (1995). Ministério da Agricultura do Abastecimento e da Reforma Agrária. Portaria nº 553 de 30 de agosto de 1995. Dispõe sobre a Norma de Identidade, Qualidade, Acondicionamento e Embalagem do Tomate in natura. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil. https://sistemasweb.agricultura.gov.br/sislegis/action/detalhaAto.do?method=recuperarTextoAtoTematicaPortal&codigoTematica=1229345
  7. Casals, J., Rull, A., Bernal, M., González, R., Castillo, R. R., & Simó, J. (2018). Impact of grafting on sensory profile of tomato landraces in conventional and organic management systems. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 59, 597-606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-018-0086-z
  8. Davis, A. R., Perkins-Veazie, P., Hassell, R., Levi, A., King, S.R., & Zhang, X. (2008). Grafting effects on vegetable quality. HortScience. 43(6), 1670- 1672.
  9. Dubreuil, V., Fante, K. P., Planchon, O., & Sant'anna Neto, J.L. (2018). Os tipos de climas anuais no Brasil: uma aplicação da classificação de Köppen de 1961 a 2015. Confins. 37. https://doi.org/10.4000/confins.15738
  10. Farias, E. A. P., Ferreira, R. L. F., Araújo Neto, S. E., Costa, F. C., & Nascimento, D. S. (2013). Organic production of tomatoes in the Amazon region by plants grafted on wild Solanum rootstocks. Ciência e Agrotecnologia. 37(4), 323-329. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542013000400005
  11. Flores, F. B., Bel, P. S., Estañ, M. T., Rodriguez, M. M. M., Moyano, E., Morales, B., Campos, J. F., Abellán, J. O. G., Egea, M. I., Garcia, N. F., Romojaro, F., & Bolarín, M. C. (2010). The effectiveness of grafting to improve tomato fruit quality. Scientia Horticulturae, 125(3), 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.03.026
  12. Goldschmidt, E. E. (2014). Plant grafting: new mechanisms, evolutionary implications. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, 725. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00727
  13. Gong, T., Brecht, J. K., Koch, K. E., Hutton, S. F., & Zhao, X. (2022). A systematic assessment of how rootstock growth characteristics impact grafted tomato plant biomass, resource partitioning, yield, and fruit mineral composition. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 948656. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.948656
  14. Goto, R., Miguel, A., Marsal, I. J., Gorbe, E., & Calatayud, A. (2013). Effect of different rootstocks on growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence and mineral composition of two grafted scions of tomato. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 36(5), 825-835. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2012.757321
  15. Hashem, A., Bayoumi, Y., El-Zawily, A. E., Tester, M., & Rakha, M. (2024). Interspecific hybrid rootstocks improve productivity of tomato grown under high-temperature stress. HortScience, 59(1), 129-137. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI17482-23
  16. Huang, W. Z., Feng, X. Z., & Huang, D. D. (2025). Contribution of dwarfing rootstocks to the establishment of stable and high-yielding tomato cultivation systems. Plant Gene and Trait, 16(4), 142-151. https://doi.org/10.5376/pgt.2025.16.0016
  17. Huh, Y. C., Woo, Y. H., Lee, J. M., & Om, Y. H. (2003). Growth and fruit characteristics of watermelon grafted onto Citrullus rootstocks selected for disease resistance. Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science, 44, 649-654.
  18. Jenkins, T., Kubota, C., Rivard, C. L., & Pliakoni, E. D. (2022). Evaluating ethylene sensitivity and exogenous ethylene impact on early growth of grafted and nongrafted tomato seedlings. HortTechnology, 32(2), 129–133. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04947-21
  19. Kabas, A., & Kucukaydin, H. (2023). Effect of tomato interspecific hybrid (F1) rootstocks on yield and fruit quality traits. Gesunde Pflanzen. 75, 603–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00725-z
  20. Kumar, P., Rouphael, Y., Cardarelli, M., & Colla, G. (2017). Vegetable grafting as a tool to improve drought resistance and water use efficiency. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1130. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01130
  21. Kyriacou, M. C., Rouphael, Y., Colla, G., Zrenner, R., & Schwarz, D. (2017). Vegetable grafting: the implications of a growing agronomic imperative for vegetable fruit quality and nutritive value. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 741. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00741
  22. Lee, H., Lee, J., Cho, M., Hwang, I., Hong, K., Kwon, D., & Ahn, Y. (2022). Rootstock performance of cherry tomatoes grown in soil cultivation: evaluation of growth, yield, and photosynthesis. Horticultural Science and Technology, 40(4), 376-387. https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20220034
  23. Lee, H., Jeong, H., Lee, J., Hwang, I., Kwon, D., & Ahn, Y. (2023). Evaluation of grafted tomatoes with different levels of resistance of rootstocks to TYLCV by analyzing the growth characteristics, leaf-macronutrient content, and chlorophyll fluorescence. Horticultural Science and Technology, 41(5), 571-583. https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.20230049
  24. Lee, J. M., Kubota, C., Tsao, S. J., Bie, Z., Echevarria, P. H., Morra, L., & Oda, M. (2010). Current status of vegetable grafting: Diffusion, grafting techniques, automation. Scientia Horticulturae, 127(2), 93-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.08.003
  25. Luciano, L. H. C., Medina, I. R., Antônio, A. C., Gonçalves, R. F., & Barbosa, C. A. C. (2019). Crescimento e produção de tomateiro em função das cultivares utilizadas em porta-enxerto. Revista Engenharia na Agricultura, 27(1): 7-11.
  26. Mahmoud, A. M. A. (2020). Tomato rootstock breeding: Evaluation of tomato interspecific hybrid rootstocks under greenhouse conditions. The Horticulture Journal, 89(5) 575–585. https://doi.org/10.2503/hortj.UTD-199
  27. Martins, W. M. O. (2012). Avaliação do pegamento e crescimento de plantas de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) enxertado sob cultivo orgânico. Enciclopédia Biosfera, 8(4), 149-155.
  28. Masterson, S. A., Kennelly, M. M., Janke, R. R., & Rivard, C. L. (2016). Scion shoot removal and rootstock cultivar affect vigor and early yield of grafted tomatoes grown in high tunnels in the Central United States. HortTechnology, 26(4), 399–408.
  29. Moncada, A., Miceli, A., Vetrano, F., Mineo, V., Planeta, D., & D’Anna, F. (2013). Effect of grafting on yield and quality of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Scientia Horticulturae, 149, 108-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.06.015
  30. Rahmatian, A., Delshad, M., & Salehi, R. (2014). Effect of grafting on growth, yield and fruit quality of single and double stemmed tomato plants grown hydroponically. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 55(2), 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-014-0167-6
  31. Riga, P. (2015). Effect of rootstock on growth, fruit production and quality of tomato plants grown under low temperature and light conditions. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 56(5), 626–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-015-0042-0
  32. Rizzo, A. A. N., Chaves, F. C. M., Laura, V. A., & Goto, R. (2004). Avaliação de métodos de enxertia e porta-enxertos para melão rendilhado. Horticultura Brasileira, 22(4), 808-810. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362004000400030
  33. Scott, A. J., & Knott, M. (1974). A cluster analysis method for grouping means in the analysis of variance. Biometrics, 30, 507-512.
  34. Shalaby, T. A., Taha, N. A., Rakha, M. T., El-Beltagi, H. S., Shehata, W. F., Ramadan, K. M. A., El-Ramady, H., & Bayoumi, Y. A. (2022). Can grafting manage fusarium wilt disease of cucumber and increase productivity under heat stress?, Plants, 11, 1174. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11091147
  35. Shehata, S. A., Omar, H. S., Elfaidy, A. G., El-Sayed, S. F., Abuarab, M. E., & Abdeldaym, E. A. (2022). Grafting enhances drought tolerance by regulating stress-responsive gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activities in cucumbers. BMC Plant Biology, 22, 408. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-022-03791-7
  36. Singh, H., Kumar, P., Chaudhari, S., & Edelstein, M. (2017). Tomato Grafting: A global perspective. HortScience, 52(10), 1328- 1336. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI11996-17
  37. Sirtoli, L. F., Cerqueira, R. C., Rodrigues, J. D., Goto, R., & Braga, C. L. (2011). Enxertia no desenvolvimento e qualidade de frutos de tomateiro sob diferentes porta-enxertos em cultivo protegido. Scientia Agraria Paranaensis, 10(3), 15-22.
  38. Walubengo, D., Orina, I., Kubo, Y., & Owino, W. (2022). Physico-chemical and postharvest quality characteristics of intra and interspecific grafted tomato fruits. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 7, 100261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100261
  39. Yetisir, H., Sari, N., & Yucel, S. (2003). Rootstock resistance to fusarium wilt and effect on watermelon fruit yield and quality. Phytoparasitica, 31(2), 163-169. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02980786
  40. Zambolim, L., & Quezado-Duval, A. M. (2022). Produção integrada do tomateiro tutorado. CEAD.
  41. Zeist, A. R., Henschel, J. M., Júnior, A. D. S., Oliveira, G. J. A., Neto, J. G., Beauboeuf, C. B., Parthasarathi, T., & Resende, T.V. (2023). Responses of rootstocks variability to tolerate salinity in tomato. South African Journal of Botany, 153, 280-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2023.01.010
  42. Zhang, Z. H., Li, M. M., Cao, B. L., Chen, Z. J., & Xu, K. (2021). Grafting improves tomato yield under low nitrogen conditions by enhancing nitrogen metabolism in plants. Protoplasma, 258, 1077-1089. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-021-01623-3
  43. Zhou, Z., Yuan, Y., Wang, K., Wang, H., Huang, J., Yu, H., & Cui, X. (2022). Rootstock-scion interactions affect fruit flavor in grafted tomato. Horticultural Plant Journal, 8, 499-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2022.01.001

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.