Evaluación de propiedades antioxidantes y fisicoquímicas de una bebida mixta durante almacenamiento refrigerado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.173401.65Palavras-chave:
Tomate de árbol, bebidas mixtas de frutas y leche, ácido ascórbico, compuestos fenólicos, carotenoides.Resumo
En la actualidad, los consumidores tienden a adquirir alimentos funcionales, los cuales satisfacen los requerimientos nutricionales y adicionalmente aportan beneficios a la salud. El creciente interés en el estudio de bebidas con estas características ha contribuido al desarrollo de productos elaborados a partir de la mezcla de leche y frutas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar una bebida mixta de leche UHT descremada con pulpa de tomate de árbol, analizando sus características antioxidantes y fisicoquímicas, mediante la determinación del contenido de ácido ascórbico, compuestos fenólicos, carotenoides y su estabilidad durante el almacenamiento bajo refrigeración. La capacidad antioxidante se estudió a través del método DPPH, el ácido ascórbico y los carotenoides fueron analizados mediante cromatografía líquida de alto rendimiento y se empleó el método de Folin-Ciocalteu para determinar fenoles totales en la bebida. Se encontró que la bebida mixta presentó compuestos bioactivos reconocidos por sus propiedades funcionales. Durante las primeras dos semanas de almacenamiento refrigerado se observó una disminución significativa (P<0,05) del contenido de compuestos bioactivos. Hubo una reducción en el contenido de fenoles totales de 33,150±2,020 a 21,467±1,360mg equivalentes de ácido gálico (GAE)/100mL, al igual que en la concentración de ácido ascórbico de 12,967±0,603 a 5,167±0,321mg/100mL y en el de β-caroteno de 243,00±5,66 a 146,50±2,12µg/100mL, lo cual se reflejó en la disminución de la capacidad antioxidante de la bebida en un rango de 3,450±0,041 a 1,581±0,025 de Trolox mmol/L. El pH y los sólidos solubles totales se mantuvieron constantes, mientras que la acidez aumentó significativamente durante la primera semana de almacenamiento.
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