Nutritional, antinutritional and phenological characterization of promising forage species for animal feeding in a cold tropical zone
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.213801.152Palavras-chave:
feeding, forage, metabolite, nutrition, promisingResumo
The search for forages with high biomass production and high nutritional content has made it possible to find food alternatives that, due to their nutritional benefits and resistance to adverse environmental factors, are the best option for herbivores. With the knowledge of farmers, producers and the experience of researchers, 12 species most frequently used in animal feeding were selected, identified and classified in the University's PSO herbarium of the University of Nariño. These were phenologically, nutritionally and antinutritionally characterized. Of these species, four belonged to the Asteraceae family; the Fabaceae, Adoxaceae and Malvaceae families were represented by two species; the Salicaceae and Cucurbitaceae families were represented by one and were propagated in nursery. In the nutritional composition, the Retamo (Genista monspessulana) stood out for its high dry matter content with 34.2%. Unlike the Chauchilla (Cyclanthera brachystachya), with 8.79%, the Sauco (Sambucus peruviana) had a higher content of protein 25.93%, followed by Abutilon (Abutilon pictum) with 23.42%. Chauchilla (Cyclanthera brachystachya) had the highest crude fiber content, with 21.59%, NDF of 38.06%, and FDA 27.23%. Tannins were the most common secondary metabolites in the species evaluated with moderate or low levels; sterols were present at low levels, and saponins and alkaloids yielded negative values.
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Referências
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Pérez, A.; Montejo, I.; Iglesias, J.; López, O.; Martín, G.; García, D.; Hernández, A., (2009). Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray. Pastures and Forages. 32(1): 1-15.
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Rivero, F. (2016). Importance in ruminants of the nutritional contribution of the oil (ethereal extract) in the extruded soybean expeller. Retrieved from http://www.todoelcampo.com.uy/importancia-en-rumiantes-del-aporte-nutricional-del-aceite-extracto-et-eacute-reo-en-el-expeller-extrusado-de-soja-15?nid=23052
Silva, A.; Garay, S.; Gómez, A. (2018). Impact of Alnus acuminata kunth on N2O fluxes and quality of Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst grass. Ex Chio. Colombia Forestal. 21(1): 47-57. doi: https://doi.org/10.14483/2256201X.11629
Sosa, E.; Pérez, D.; Ortega, L.; Zapata, G. (2004). Evaluation of the forage potential of tropical trees and shrubs for feeding sheep. Retrieved from http://www.redalyc.org/service/redalyc/downloadPdf/613/61342201/1
Taiz, L.; Zeiger, E. (2010). Plant physiology. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4242361/
Verdi, L.; Brighente, I.; Pizzolatti, M. (2005). Genus Baccharis: chemical, economic and biological aspects. Retrieved from https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0100-40422005000100017&lng=pt&nrm=iso
Carvajal, T.; Lamela, L.; Cuesta, A. (2012). Evaluation of the arboreal Sambucus nigra and Acacia decurrens as a supplement for dairy cows in the Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. Pastures and Forages. 35 (4). Retrieved from http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-03942012000400007
Di-marco, O. (2011). Forage quality estimation. Retrieved from http://www.produccion-animal.com.ar/tablas_composicion_alimentos/45-calidad.pdf
dos Santos Gomes, J.; Félix-Silva, J.; Fernandes, J.; Amaral, N.; Lopes, E.; Tabosa do Egito, A.; da Silva-Júnior, S.; Zucolotto, M.; Fernandes-Pedrosa. (2016). Aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha mollisima (Pohl) bail decreases local effects induced by Bothropic venom. BioMed Res. Int. Article ID 6101742. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6101742
García, D.; Medina, M. (2006). Chemical composition, secondary metabolites, nutritional value, and relative acceptability of ten forage trees. Tropical Zootechnics. 24 (3). 233. Recovered from http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0798-72692006000300004
Gómez, M.; Rodríguez, L.; Murgueitio, E., Ríos, C.; Rosales, M.; Molina, C., Molina, E.; Molina, J. (2002). Forage trees and shrubs used in animal feed as a protein source: Marathon (Gliricidia sepium), Nacedero (Trichantera gigantea), Pizamo (Erythrina fusca) and Buttercup (Tithonia diversifolia). CIPAV, 129. Recovered from http://bibliotecadigital.agronet.gov.co/bitstream/11348/4048/1/20061024152517_Arboles%20y%20arbustos%20%20forrajeros%20alimentacion%20animal.pdf
Hernández, S. (2010). Importance of fiber in the feeding of bovines. Retrieved from http://mateandoconlaciencia.zonalibre.org/IMPORTANCIADELAFIBRAENLAALIMENTACIONDELOSBOVINOS.pdf
Inamdar, A. I.; Chaudhary, L. C.; Agarwal, N.; Kamra, D. (2015). Effect of Madhuca longifolia and Terminalia chebula on methane production and nutrient utilization in buffaloes. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 201: 38-45. doi: 10.1016 / j.anifeedsci.2014.12.016
IDEAM-Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales. (2018). Recovered from: http://www.bart.ideam.gov.co/wep/htm
Jiménez, P. (2007). Identification of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) flours with high protein content by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Recovered from https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/66188?show=full
Mertens, D. (2002). Journal of AOAC International. Recovered from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030212001622
NRC-National Research Council. (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle: Seventh Revised Edition, 2001. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/9825
Ojeda, A.; Obispo, N.; Canelones, C.; Muñoz, D. (2012). Selection of woody species by cattle in silvo-grazing of a semi-deciduous forest in Venezuela. Archivos de Zootecnia. 61: 355 - 365. doi: https://doi.org/10.21071/az.v61i235.2704
Patra, A.; Yu, Z. (2014). Combinations of nitrate, saponin, and sulfate additively reduce methane production by rumen cultures in vitro while not adversely affecting feed digestion, fermentation or microbial communities. Bioresource Technology. 155: 129-135. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.099
Pérez, A.; Montejo, I.; Iglesias, J.; López, O.; Martín, G.; García, D.; Hernández, A., (2009). Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray. Pastures and Forages. 32(1): 1-15.
Polanía, L.; Rendón, E., (2009). Baseline of arboreal and shrub species with forage aptitude in livestock production systems, in the Popayán peniplano. Retrieved from http://repositorio.unicauca.edu.co:8080/bitstream/handle/123456789/724/L%c3%8dNEA%20BASE%20DE%20ESPECIES%20ARB%c3%93REAS%20Y%20ARBUSTIVAS%20CON%20APTITUD % 20FORRAJERA% 20EN% 20SISTEMAS% 20DE% 20PRODUCCI% c3% 93N% 20GANA.pdf? Sequence = 1 & isAllowed = y
Rivero, F. (2016). Importance in ruminants of the nutritional contribution of the oil (ethereal extract) in the extruded soybean expeller. Retrieved from http://www.todoelcampo.com.uy/importancia-en-rumiantes-del-aporte-nutricional-del-aceite-extracto-et-eacute-reo-en-el-expeller-extrusado-de-soja-15?nid=23052
Silva, A.; Garay, S.; Gómez, A. (2018). Impact of Alnus acuminata kunth on N2O fluxes and quality of Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst grass. Ex Chio. Colombia Forestal. 21(1): 47-57. doi: https://doi.org/10.14483/2256201X.11629
Sosa, E.; Pérez, D.; Ortega, L.; Zapata, G. (2004). Evaluation of the forage potential of tropical trees and shrubs for feeding sheep. Retrieved from http://www.redalyc.org/service/redalyc/downloadPdf/613/61342201/1
Taiz, L.; Zeiger, E. (2010). Plant physiology. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4242361/
Verdi, L.; Brighente, I.; Pizzolatti, M. (2005). Genus Baccharis: chemical, economic and biological aspects. Retrieved from https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0100-40422005000100017&lng=pt&nrm=iso
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Publicado
2021-05-08
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Ramos, L., Apráez, J. E., Cortes, K. S., & Apráez, J. J. (2021). Nutritional, antinutritional and phenological characterization of promising forage species for animal feeding in a cold tropical zone. Revista De Ciencias Agrícolas, 38(1), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.213801.152
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