ESTRATEGIAS Y OPORTUNIDADES PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN EFICIENTE DE PLANTAS MEJORADAS
Keywords:
plant breeding, molecular biology, genetic engineeringAbstract
Plant breeding for the benefit of humankind, is as old as agriculture. Through hundreds of years, breeders have applied tools more and more sophisticated for improving crops, causing the introduction of new varieties adapted to specific conditions of environment and needs, for example varieties easier to harvest or resistant to disease, practices that have been enforced by chemical technologies.
Two techniques have been used to improve crops: selection, which promotes genetic variation in plants, and breeding, that uses variation to produce new types.
This article tries to explain the development of plant improvement and its social, economic and environmental implications, from its beginnings, when man became agriculturist to our days, with the avalanche of knowledge and technologies, thanks to the development of genetic engineering.
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