Percepção dos stakeholders do turismo devido aos efeitos do covid-19. Caso de territórios municipais em Antioquia - Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rtend.222302.213Palavras-chave:
covid-19, gestão, governo local, percepção, setor de serviços, trabalho casualResumo
As medidas adotadas para conter a propagação do vírus Covid-19 afetaram a economia mundial e em particular o setor do turismo. A paralisação das atividades levou a uma queda drástica em suas operações, impactando também na percepção que os atores do turismo têm no processo de recuperação econômica. A pesquisa buscou identificar a percepção dos atores da cadeia do setor de turismo sobre os impactos gerados pela Covid-19 nos municípios de Jericó e Jardín, localizados no sudoeste de Medellín-Colômbia, com uma abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa que tende a compreender, e interpretar a percepção da realidade dos prestadores de serviços turísticos. O delineamento foi transversal, não experimental, e foi utilizado o método fenomenológico. Os efeitos diretos foram evidenciados principalmente na sustentabilidade e permanência das empresas do setor, na fragilidade financeira e da renda, que gerou desemprego na região. Por fim, as empresas do turismo localizadas nestes dois municípios não dispõem de planos de ação e resposta face a estas ameaças externas, o que leva a decisões como redução de pessoal, encerramento e liquidação de empresas no curto prazo e a sensação de não ter a suporte de instituições públicas.
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Referências
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(41) Sánchez, M., Rodríguez, M. C. y Ricci, A. (2021). Percepción empresarial de la pandemia por COVID-19 y su impacto en el turismo: un análisis cualitativo del destino Extremadura, España. Estudios Gerenciales, 37(159), 265–279.
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(51) Zheng, D., Luo, Q. & Ritchie, B. W. (2021). Afraid to travel after COVID-19? Self-protection, coping and resilience against pandemic ‘travel fear’. Tourism Management, 83, 104261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104261
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(8) Castello, V. (2020). Desafíos y oportunidades para el turismo en el marco de la pandemia COVID-19. Cuadernos de Política Exterior Argentina (Nueva Época), (131), 115-118. https://rephip.unr.edu.ar/handle/2133/18384
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(16) Davies, B. (2003). The Role of Quantitative and Qualitative Research in Industrial Studies of Tourism. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5(2), 97-111. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.425
(17) Demeyère, C. (2020). Tourisme post COVID-19, conditions de travail et précarité dans le secteur touristique. Une réflexion sur un aspect négligé de la responsabilité sociale. Téoros, Revue de recherche en tourisme, 39(3). http://journals.openedition.org/teoros/7457
(18) Denzin, N. y Lincoln, Y. L. (Comps). (2012). Manual de Investigación cualitativa (Vol. 1, 2 y 3). Gedisa.
(19) Díaz, C. M. (2021). Análisis de las estrategias generadas para el sector hotelero de Colombia para superar la crisis por la Covid-19 durante la fase de pandemia. Turismo y Sociedad, 29, 183-199. https://doi.org/10.18601/01207555.n29.08
(20) Everingham, P. & Chassagne, N. (2020). Post COVID-19 ecological and social reset: Moving away from capitalist growth models towards tourism as Buen Vivir. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 555-566. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1762119
(21) Fuchs, G., Uriely, N., Reichel, A. & Maoz, D. (2013). Vacationing in a terror-stricken destination: tourists’ risk perceptions and rationalizations. Journal of Travel Research, 52(2), 182-191. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287512458833
(22) Galeano, M. E. (2009). Diseño de proyectos en la Investigación Cualitativa. Medellín, Editorial Eafit.
(23) Galvani, A., Lew, A. A. & Perez, M. S. (2020). COVID-19 is expanding global consciousness and the sustainability of travel and tourism. Tourism Geographies, 22(3), 567-576. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1760924
(24) Giner, J. (2015). Teorias del Conflicto Social. http://alec.com.mx/uploads/links/97/U2.B._55_conficto_social_teorias.pdf
(25) Goh, E. & Baum, T. (2021). Job perceptions of Generation Z hotel employees towards working in Covid-19 quarantine hotels: The role of meaningful work. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(5), 1688-1710. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2020-1295
(26) Güliz, N. & Akbıyık, A. (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on global tourism industry: A cross-regional comparison. Tourism Management Perspectives, 36, 100744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100744
(27) Hao, F., Xiao, Q. & Chon, K. (2020). COVID-19 and China’s Hotel Industry: Impacts, a Disaster Management Framework, and Post-Pandemic Agenda. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 90, 102636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102636
(28) Latin America Digital Beat (LADB). (2009). Negative impact on Mexican tourism continues from April outbreak of swine flu. https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6324&context=sourcemex
(29) Lopes, A. S., Sargento, A. & Carreira, P. (2021). Vulnerability to COVID-19 unemployment in the Portuguese tourism and hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(5), 1850-1869. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2020-1345
(30) Martínez, M. (2004). Ciencias y arte en la metodología cualitativa. Mexico: Trillas.
(31) Moya, J., Pimentel, R. y Puello, J. (2014). Chikungunya: Un reto para los servicios de salud de la República Dominicana. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 36(5), 331-335.
(32) Navarro, D. & Lorenzo, C. (2021). Sensitivity and vulnerability of international tourism by covid crisis: South America in context. Research in Globalization, 3, 100042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2021.100042
(33) Neuburger, L. & Egger, R. (2021). Travel risk perception and travel behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020: A case study of the DACH region. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 1003-1016. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1803807
(34) Novelli, M., Gussing, L., Jones, A. & Ritchie, B. W. (2018). ‘No Ebola…still doomed’ – The Ebola-induced tourism crisis. Annals of Tourism Research, 70, 76-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.03.006
(35) Qiu, R. T., Park, J., Li, S. & Song, H. (2020). Social costs of tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic. Annals of Tourism Research, 84, 102994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102994
(36) Rivas, H., Grande, F., Cooper, C., Hidalgo, M., Astudilo, B. y Cervantes, D. (2021). Efectos del coronavirus en el sector turismo en Chile. Revista Turismo y Sociedad, 29, 157-181. https://doi.org/10.18601/01207555.n29.07
(37) Rittichainuwat, B. N. & Chakraborty, G. (2009). Perceived travel risks regarding terrorism and disease: The case of Thailand. Tourism Management, 30(3), 410-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2008.08.001
(38) Rodríguez, P. (2006). Teoría de la crisis. Universidad de la Coruña. https://ruc.udc.es/dspace/handle/2183/12754
(39) Rutynskyi, M. & Kushniruk, H. (2020). The impact of quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry in Lviv (Ukraine). Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(2), 194-205. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(2).2020.17
(40) Sanabria, J. M., Aguiar, T. & Araujo, Y. (2021). Public strategies to rescue the hospitality industry following the impact of COVID-19: A case study of the European Union. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 97, 102988.
(41) Sánchez, M., Rodríguez, M. C. y Ricci, A. (2021). Percepción empresarial de la pandemia por COVID-19 y su impacto en el turismo: un análisis cualitativo del destino Extremadura, España. Estudios Gerenciales, 37(159), 265–279.
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(43) Škare, M., Soriano, D. R. & Porada, M. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on the travel and tourism industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163, 120469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120469
(44) Smith, R. D. (2006). Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management. Social Science & Medicine, 63(12), 3113-3123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.004
(45) UNWTO. (2020). Tourism Recovery Post Covid-19. https://webunwto.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2020-05/COVID-19-Tourism-Recovery-TA-Package_8 May-2020.pdf
(46) UNWTO. (2021). World Tourism Barometer and Statistical Annex, January 2021. UNWTO, 19(1), 1–42. https://doi.org/10.18111/WTOBAROMETERENG.2021.19.1.1
(47) Vo, T., Vu, T. V., Nguyen, N. P., Nguyen, D. V., Zaman, M. & Chi, H. (2021). How does hotel employees’ satisfaction with the organization’s COVID-19 responses affect job insecurity and job performance? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(6), 907-925.
(48) Wut, T. M., Xu, J. & Wong, S. (2021). Crisis management research (1985–2020) in the hospitality and tourism industry: A review and research agenda. Tourism Management, 85, 104307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104307
(49) Xie, C., Zhang, J. & Morrison, A. M. (2021). Developing a scale to measure tourist perceived safety. Journal of Travel Research, 60(6), 1232-1251. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520946103
(50) Yin, J., Cheng, Y., Bi, Y. & Ni, Y. (2020). Tourists perceived crowding and destination attractiveness: The moderating effects of perceived risk and experience quality. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 18, 100489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100489
(51) Zheng, D., Luo, Q. & Ritchie, B. W. (2021). Afraid to travel after COVID-19? Self-protection, coping and resilience against pandemic ‘travel fear’. Tourism Management, 83, 104261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104261
Publicado
2023-01-01
Como Citar
Quintero Arango, L. F., Zurbarán Arias, D. J., & Piñeros, S. T. (2023). Percepção dos stakeholders do turismo devido aos efeitos do covid-19. Caso de territórios municipais em Antioquia - Colombia. Tendencias, 24(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.22267/rtend.222302.213
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