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Revisión de Tema

Vol. 17 Núm. 2 (2015)

Miocardiocitos conducentes ventriculares

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.151702.10
Enviado
abril 26, 2016
Publicado
2015-04-26

Resumen

Objetivo: Exponer las características histológicas y funcionales que se presentan en el tejido muscular estriado cardíaco especializado en la conducción del estímulo eléctrico y sus implicaciones actuales en las arritmias cardíacas. Materiales y métodos: Se seleccionaron publicaciones en revistas indexadas en las bases PubMed, Wiley, Ovid-Medline y Science Direct. Los descriptores MESH utilizados para la búsqueda fueron cardiac myocytes, myocardium, heart conduction system. Se acoplaron los conceptos histology y arrhythmia. Se revisaron artículos publicados entre 1990 a 2014, originales, reportes de caso y revisiones, relacionados con los conceptos de desarrollo embrionario, diferenciación celular, morfología normal y alteración de los miocardiocitos conducentes ventriculares. Se revisó el resumen de 317 artículos, de los que se clasificaron 75 para lectura completa y de estos, 52 se seleccionaron para la redacción del presente artículo. Conclusión: Los estudios actuales se encaminan hacia las simulaciones del sistema de conducción para establecer otras causas de arritmia y opciones de tratamiento. La terapia con células indiferenciadas y las técnicas moleculares de modificación genética hacen parte de estos estudios, así como la implementación de terapias alternativas no invasivas en el tratamiento de las arritmias cardíacas.

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