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Artículo de Revisión

Vol. 24 Núm. 2 (2022)

La prediabetes y su impacto sobre la salud cardiovascular: artículo de revisión

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.222402.270
Enviado
abril 7, 2021
Publicado
2022-04-29

Resumen

Introducción: La prediabetes es un estado intermedio de hiperglicemia, con una alta prevalencia en la población colombiana. Su relación con enfermedad cardiovascular y complicaciones macro y microvasculares se ha establecido, incrementando la evidencia científica en la literatura reciente. Objetivo: Describir las enfermedades cardiovasculares (complicaciones macrovasculares) relacionadas con prediabetes, su diagnóstico, fisiopatología, el enfoque de manejo y el tratamiento avalado para prevenir estas complicaciones. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura, mediante búsqueda de artículos científicos en Medline entre 2015 y 2021. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 83 artículos. Se describe la relación de prediabetes con enfermedad cardiovascular, mortalidad, diagnóstico y tratamiento conforme a la literatura actualizada. Conclusiones: La importancia de la prediabetes radica en su asociación con complicaciones macrovasculares y su mortalidad, lo que pone en evidencia la importancia de estudiarla, seguirla y tratarla para evitar la progresión a diabetes mellitus, el desarrollo de desenlaces que finalizan en aumento de la morbimortalidad, alteración de la calidad de vida e incremento de los costos en salud.

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