contadores web
Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio
##common.pageHeaderLogo.altText##

Artículo de investigación científica y tecnológica

Vol. 24 Núm. Suppl 1 (2022)

Factors associated with the stigma-discrimination complex towards healthcare workers among university students during the coronavirus pandemic in Mexico

DOI
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.222403.285
Enviado
abril 30, 2022
Publicado
2022-12-28

Resumen

Introducción: El estigma relacionado con la COVID-19 hacia los profesionales de la salud influye negativamente en su desempeño laboral y bienestar, sin embargo, este tema no ha sido suficientemente investigado. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia y las variables asociadas al estigma relacionado con el COVID-19 hacia los trabajadores de la salud en una población universitaria de México. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal. Se envió un cuestionario en línea a 1.054 estudiantes de entre 18 y 29 años. Se analizaron variables demográficas, religión, miedo al COVID-19 y su asociación con el estigma-discriminación hacia el personal de salud relacionado con la COVID-19 (variable dependiente). Se realizó un análisis bivariado y un modelo lineal generalizado para calcular las razones de prevalencia ajustadas. Resultados: La proporción de estigma-discriminación alto fue de 12,4% y se asoció con miedo alto a la COVID-19 RPa=1,51 (IC=95% 1,06-2,23). Conclusión: los hallazgos destacan la importancia de establecer programas para reducir la estigmatización relacionada con COVID-19 hacia los profesionales de la salud.

Citas

  1. Saeed F, Mihan R, Mousavi SZ, Reniers RL, Bateni FS, Alikhani R, et al. A Narrative Review of Stigma Related to Infectious Disease Outbreaks: What Can Be Learned in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic? Front. Psychiatry [Online]. 2020; 11:565919. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.565919.
  2. Asadi-Aliabadi M, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Moradi-Lakeh M. Stigma in COVID-19: A barrier to seek medical care and family support. Med. J. Islam. Repub. Iran [Online]. 2020; 34:98. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33315991
  3. Sorokin MY, Kasyanov ED, Rukavishnikov GV, Makarevich OV, Neznanov NG, Morozov PV, et al. Stress and Stigmatization in Health-Care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Indian J. Psychiatry [Online]. 2020; 62(Suppl 3):S445-53. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7659791
  4. Ramaci T, Barattucci M, Ledda C, Rapisarda V. Social Stigma during COVID-19 and its Impact on HCWs Outcomes. Sustainability [Online]. 2020; 12(9):3834. DOI: 10.3390/su12093834.
  5. Campo-Arias A, Herazo E. El complejo estigma-discriminación asociado a trastorno mental como factor de riesgo de suicidio [The stigma-discrimination complex associated with mental disorder as a risk factor for suicide]. Rev. Colomb. Psiquiatr [Online]. 2015; 44(4):243-50. DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2015.04.003.
  6. Cassiani-Miranda CA, Campo-Arias A. Stigma-discrimination: Significant collateral damage of COVID-19. Indian J. Psychiatry [Online]. 2020; 62(5):610-1. DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_506_20.
  7. Goffman E. Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. New York (USA): Touchstone; 2009. Available from: https://books.google.com.co/books?id=zuMFXuTMAqAC&printsec=frontcover&hl=es&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
  8. Link BG, Phelan JC. Conceptualising stigma. Annu. Rev. Sociol [Online]. 2001; 27(1):363-85. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363.
  9. Chopra KK, Arora VK. Covid-19 and social stigma: Role of scientific community. Indian J. Tuberc [Online]. 2020; 67(3):284-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2020.07.012.
  10. Schoch-Spana M, Bouri N, Rambhia KJ, Norwood A. Stigma, health disparities, and the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: How to protect Latino farmworkers in future health emergencies. Biosecur. Bioterror [Online]. 2010; 8(3):243-54. DOI: 10.1089/bsp.2010.0021.
  11. Abuhammad S, Alzoubi KH, Khabour O. Fear of COVID-19 and stigmatization towards infected people among Jordanian people. Int. J. Clin. Pract [Online]. 2021; 75(4):e13899. DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13899.
  12. Mawar N, Saha S, Pandit A, Mahajan U. The third phase of HIV pandemic: social consequences of HIV/AIDS stigma & discrimination & future needs. Indian J. Med. Res [Online]. 2005; 122(6):471-84. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16517997
  13. Fischer LS, Mansergh G, Lynch J, Santibanez S. Addressing Disease-Related Stigma During Infectious Disease Outbreaks. Disaster Med. Public Health Prep [Online]. 2019; 13(5-6):989-94. DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2018.157.
  14. Perry P, Donini-Lenhoff F. Stigmatization complicates infectious disease management. Virtual Mentor. 2010; 12(3):225-30. DOI: 10.1001/virtualmentor.2010.12.3.mhst1-1003.
  15. Almutairi AF, Adlan AA, Balkhy HH, Abbas OA, Clark AM. "It feels like I'm the dirtiest person in the world.": Exploring the experiences of healthcare providers who survived MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia. J. Infect. Public Health [Online]. 2018; 11(2):187-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2017.06.011.
  16. Bagcchi S. Stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Infect. Dis [Online]. 2020; 20(7):782. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30498-9.
  17. Campo-Arias A, Álvarez-Solorza I, Tirado-Otálvaro AF, Cassiani-Miranda CA. Proposal of a scale for COVID-19 stigma-discrimination toward health workers. J. Investig. Med [Online]. 2020; 69(1):100-1. DOI: 10.1136/jim-2020-001647.
  18. Stangl AL, Earnshaw VA, Logie CH, van Brakel W, Simbayi LC, Barré I, et al. The Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework: a global, crosscutting framework to inform research, intervention development, and policy on health-related stigmas. BMC Med [Online]. 2019; 17(1):31. DOI: 10.1186/s12916-019-1271-3.
  19. Teksin G, Uluyol OB, Onur OS, Teksin MG, Ozdemir HM. Stigma-related factors and their effects on healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemics in Turkey: A Multicenter Study. Med. Bull. Sisli Etfal Hosp [Online]. 2020; 54(3): 281-90. DOI: 10.14744/SEMB.2020.02800.
  20. Dar SA, Khurshid SQ, Wani ZA, Khanam A, Haq I, Shah NN, et al. Stigma in coronavirus disease-19 survivors in Kashmir, India: A cross-sectional exploratory study. PLoS One [Online]. 2020; 15(11):e0240152. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240152.
  21. Adiukwu F, Bytyçi DG, Hayek SE, Gonzalez-Diaz JM, Larnaout A, Grandinetti P, et al. Global Perspective and Ways to Combat Stigma Associated with COVID-19. Indian J. Psychol. Med. 2020; 42(6):569-74. DOI: 10.1177/0253717620964932.
  22. Mostafa A, Sabry W, Mostafa NS. COVID-19-related stigmatisation among a sample of Egyptian healthcare workers. PLoS One [Online]. 2020; 15(12):e0244172. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244172.
  23. Hernández J. Selección del tamaño de muestra en estudios clínicos [Sample size selection in clinical studies]. Rev. Colomb. Gastroenterol [Online]. 2006; 21(2):118-21. Available from: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=337729271010
  24. Katz MN. Multivariable analysis: A Practical Guide for Clinicians and Public Health Researchers. 2nd ed. Cambridge (GBR): Cambridge University Press; 2006.
  25. Arnett JJ. Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. Am. Psychol [Online]. 2000; 55(5): 469-80. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.55.5.469.
  26. Upegui-Arango LD, Orozco-Vargas LC. Estigma hacia la tuberculosis: validación psicométrica de un instrumento para su medición [Stigma towards tuberculosis: psychometric validation of an instrument for its measurement]. An. Fac. Med [Online]. 2019; 80(1):12-20. DOI: 10.15381/anales.v80i1.15656.
  27. Campo-Arias A, Ceballos-Ospino GA, Herazo E. Barriers to access to mental health services among Colombia outpatients. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry [Online]. 2020; 66(6):600-6. DOI: 10.1177/0020764020925105.
  28. Campo-Arias A, Ceballos-Ospino GA. Confirmatory factor analysis of the five-item version of the Francis scale of attitude towards Christianity in adolescent students. J. Beliefs Values [Online]. 2019; 41(1):51-7. DOI: 10.1080/13617672.2019.1638877.
  29. Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, Saffari M, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and initial validation. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict [Online]. 2020; 20(3):1537-45. DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8.
  30. Cassiani-Miranda CA, Tirado-Otálvaro AF, Campo-Arias A. Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the COVID-19 Fear Scale in the general Colombian population. Death Stud [Online]. 2021; 46(3):595-602. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.1874572.
  31. Cassiani-Miranda CA, Campo-Arias A, Tirado-Otálvaro AF, Botero-Tobón LA, Upegui-Arango LD, Rodríguez-Verdugo MS, et al. Stigmatisation associated with COVID-19 in the general Colombian population. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry [Online]. 2021; 67(6):728-36. DOI: 10.1177/0020764020972445.
  32. Hosmer DW, Taber S, Lemeshow S. The importance of assessing the fit of logistic regression models: a case study. Am. J. Public Health [Online]. 1991; 81(12):1630-5. DOI: 10.2105/ajph.81.12.1630.
  33. Soares Bastos L, Oliveira R, de Souza Velasque L. Obtaining adjusted prevalence ratios from logistic regression models in cross-sectional studies. Cad. Saude Publica [Online]. 2015; 31(3):487-95. DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00175413.
  34. Sotgiu G, Dobler CC. Social stigma in the time of coronavirus disease 2019. Eur. Respir. J [Online]. 2020; 56(2):2002461. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02461-2020.
  35. Schwartz KL, Achonu C, Buchan SA, Brown KA, Lee B, Whelan M, et al. Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, household transmission, and lethality of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection among healthcare workers in Ontario, Canada. PLoS One [Online]. 2020; 15(12):e0244477. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244477.
  36. Demirtaş-Madran HA. Exploring the motivation behind discrimination and stigmatisation related to COVID-19: A social psychological discussion based on the main theoretical explanations. Front. Psychol [Online]. 2020; 11:569528. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569528.
  37. Jeyaseelan L, Kumar S, Mohanraj R, Rebekah G, Rao D, Manhart LE. Assessing HIV/AIDS stigma in South India: Validation and abridgement of the Berger HIV stigma scale. AIDS Behav [Online]. 2013; 17(1):434-43. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-011-0128-3.
  38. Hashmi FK, Iqbal Q, Haque N, Saleem F. Religious cliché and stigma: A brief response to overlooked barriers in COVID-19 management. J. Relig. Health [Online]. 2020; 59(6):2697-700. DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01063-y.
  39. Bologna L, Stamidis KV, Paige S, Solomon R, Bisrat F, Kisanga A, et al. Why communities should be the focus to reduce stigma attached to COVID-19. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg [Online]. 2021; 104(1):39-44. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1329.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...