Investigación formativa en biotecnología: una revisión crítica.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/huellas.251122.42Palabras clave:
biotecnología, didáctica, investigación formativa, estrategias didácticas, educación superior.Resumen
La biotecnología es un campo multidisciplinario que combina ciencias fundamentales como la química, la biología y la física, generando innovaciones tecnológicas capaces de modificar artificialmente organismos vivos, y generando el concepto denominado "biotecnociencia". Este enfoque integrador tiene impactos potenciales en áreas como el bienestar social y el desarrollo económico. No obstante, su inclusión en la educación superior ha sido limitada, lo que refleja una limitada representación en aulas y una escasa investigación en métodos pedagógicos específicos para su enseñanza. Este artículo realiza una revisión crítica sobre la investigación formativa en biotecnología, analizando diversas estrategias didácticas y metodológicas implementadas en programas de educación superior. Mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura con enfoque cualitativo, se identificaron las metodologías más eficaces para desarrollar competencias científicas y técnicas en estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de reestructurar las experiencias educativas mediante la integración de herramientas avanzadas como la bioinformática y la implementación de metodologías innovadoras en laboratorios. La investigación formativa en biotecnología facilita que los estudiantes empleen conocimientos teóricos en contextos prácticos, desarrollando habilidades técnicas imprescindibles y fomentando el pensamiento crítico e innovador. Sin embargo, la efectividad de estas metodologías se enfrenta a barreras destacables, incluyendo limitaciones en el acceso a recursos óptimos, enfoques tradicionales en los laboratorios, y formación insuficiente en investigación para docentes y estudiantes. Por tanto, resulta fundamental promover una cultura investigativa más arraigada en las instituciones educativas superiores, garantizando así una formación integral que responda de forma certera a las demandas actuales y futuras del campo biotecnológico.
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