Classic and neoextractivismo extractivism, two different types of extractivismos? (Part I)

Abstract

This work has as its main objective, to contribute to the debate on the differences between two types of extractivism: classic or conventional and neoextractivismo. Whit this purpose, it presents, in a first part, the different existing contributions to itself in the literature about this topic, and in a second part, made an analysis of the main changes introduced in the regulatory framework of the oil sector in the two countries studied are: Ecuador and Colombia.

By the contributions derived from the literature review and analysis models of oil exploitation, the fundamental difference is given by the role assumed by the State. The introduced changes in this sense were observed for the Ecuatorian case. The most important features are: first, the State seeks to assume greater control of the oil industry, and secondly, as result of the above, there is a major change in relations with transnational corporations. The mentioned elements keep interrelation with the contributions quoted under the neoextractivismo. However, although the modifications incorporated into the regulatory framework denote significant differences in the models of oil exploitation of the two countries, is necessary to evaluate the dynamics and fiscal productive in order to know the true impact of the measures adopted in the two countries.