Bacterial multiresistance: Therapeutic challenge in renal transplantation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.192101.141Keywords:
Kidney transplantation, Urinary tract infections, Bacterial infections, Risk factors, Drug resistance, microbial, Antibiotic prophylaxisAbstract
Introduction: It is estimated that 86% of patients receiving a renal transplant have an infection by multiresistant microorganisms, mainly urinary tract (UTI) in post-transplant, which is associated with poor prognosis of the graft and patient. Objective: To describe the main mechanisms of resistance found in the colonization of the urinary tract from a patient after being submitted to a renal transplant and some risk factors that increase the likelihood of complications of this postoperative. Materials and methods: A review of literature in databases such as Medline, Embase and ScienceDirect was conducted, using key words validated from 2007 to 2017. Results: The risk factors associated with the acquisition of UTI after a renal transplant are female sex, diabetes mellitus, urinary tract anomalies and instrumentation of the urethra. The microorganisms associated with renal transplantation are MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) in 20% in rooms of nephrology and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae type BLEE in 30% and 28% respectively. Conclusions: The mechanisms of resistance of higher prevalence in transplants are caused by bacteria producing BLEE, associated with the post-transplant prophylaxis performed.
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