Helicobacter pylori: Microorganismo patógeno o mutualista en poblaciones colombianas

Autores/as

  • Kevin Andrés Guzmán Grupo de Investigación Salud Pública, Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad de Nariño. Pasto, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-4894
  • Alvaro Pazos Grupo de Investigación Salud Pública, Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad de Nariño. Pasto, Colombia. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Nariño. Pasto, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-7898

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.232501.292

Palabras clave:

Helicobacter pylori, Incidencia, Cáncer gástrico, Factores de riesgo, Coevolución

Resumen

Introducción: El riesgo de desarrollar cáncer gástrico varía entre continentes, países y regiones. A pesar de que existe una alta prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori su rol como patógeno o mutualista define el riesgo de cáncer gástrico en las regiones de Colombia. Objetivo: Discutir el rol de Helicobacter pylori en el riesgo de cáncer gástrico en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Revisión de literatura mediante la búsqueda, en las bases de datos LILACS, SciELO, PubMed. Resultados: La coevolución del humano y de Helicobacter pylori; la virulencia de genes cagA, vacA; el tipo de respuesta inmune inflamatoria a Helicobacter pylori (Th1) o antinflamatoria (Th2) y la susceptibilidad humana a cáncer gástrico (IL1β, IL10), junto a la dieta y factores ambientales explican el papel de Helicobacter pylori como patógeno o mutualista asociado al riesgo de cáncer gástrico en Colombia. Conclusiones: Helicobacter pylori tiene un rol mutualista principalmente en poblaciones de bajo riesgo de cáncer gástrico (costas), no obstante, en poblaciones con alto riesgo de cáncer gástrico (andes), su papel como patógeno amerita la erradicación; única estrategia para mitigar la alta incidencia de este cáncer en Colombia.

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Citas

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Publicado

2023-01-31

Cómo citar

1.
Guzmán KA, Pazos A. Helicobacter pylori: Microorganismo patógeno o mutualista en poblaciones colombianas. Univ. Salud [Internet]. 31 de enero de 2023 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];25(1):A1-A6. Disponible en: https://revistas.udenar.edu.co/index.php/usalud/article/view/6923

Número

Sección

Control y gestión de los riesgos para la salud y las emergencias