Exercise dosing considerations in times of COVID-19 pandemic: A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.222403.287Keywords:
Physical exercise, Strength training, Resistance training, Immune response, Immune system, COVID-19Abstract
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, international organizations recommended regular physical exercise to maintain physical and mental health during confinement, however, it is an emerging disease, the evidence is not conclusive regarding the relationship between a physical inactivity and the risk of serious outcomes in patients with COVID-19, therefore, it is essential to identify the contribution of the type of physical exercise modality and the contribution to the immune system. Objective: To demonstrate the immunological response of different physical exercise modality in the population between 18 and 84 years of age, the population identified with the highest number of confirmed cases of COVID-19, in the report n°198 of the World Health Organization. Materials and methods: A review of the literature was carried out between Central Pubmed, Google Scholar and Scielo from January 2016 to December 2021. Results: Of the selected articles, it was possible to identify the main benefits in the immune response with both modalities of physical exercise (aerobic and/or resistance) in the target population. Conclusion: At present, the benefits on the immune response in patients with COVID-19 are completely unknown, which is why it is essential to identify the contribution on the immune response in different modalities of physical.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Dhama K, Sharun K, Tiwari R, Sircar S, Bhat S, Malik S, et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 – COVID-19. Clin. Microbiol. Rev [Online]. 2020; 33(4):e00028-20. DOI: 10.20944/preprints202003.0001.v1.
Fritz NB, Gene-Morales J, Saez-Berlanga A, Babiloni-López C, Juesas A, Colado JC. Effect of physical activity on COVID-19 symptoms: A narrative review. J. Hum. Sport Exerc [Online]. 2021; 16(4proc):S2042-56. DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc4.51.
Deng M, Qi Y, Deng L, Wang H, Xu Y, Li Z, et al. Obesity as a Potential Predictor of Disease Severity in Young COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study. Obesity [Online]. 2020; 28(10):1815-25. DOI: 10.1002/oby.22943.
Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR. The possible immunological pathways for the variable immunopathogenesis of COVID—19 infections among healthy adults, the elderly and children. Electron. J. Gen. Med [Online]. 2020; 17(4):em202. DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/7850.
Prompetchara E, Ketloy C, Palaga T. Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic. Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol [Online]. 2020; 38:1-9. DOI: 10.12932/AP-200220-0772.
World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Situation Report – 198. 2020. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/333735/nCoVsitrep05Aug2020-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Rodríguez MÁ, Crespo I, Olmedillas H. Exercising in times of COVID-19: What do experts recommend doing within four walls? Rev. Esp. Cardiol [Online]. 2020; 73(7):527-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2020.04.001.
Madjid M, Safavi-Naeini P, Solomon SD, Vardeny O. Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System: A Review. JAMA Cardiol [Online]. 2020; 5(7):831-40. DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1286.
Azócar-Gallardo J, Ojeda-Aravena A, Carrizo Largo J, Hernández-Mosqueira C. Can the immunological system of the upper respiratory tract, improved by physical exercise, act as a first immunological barrier against SARS-CoV-2? Expert Rev. Anti-Infect Ther [Online]. 2022; 20(7):981-6. DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2022.2065983.
Ortega E. The “bioregulatory effect of exercise” on the innate/inflammatory responses. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry. 2016; 72(2):361-9. doi: 10.1007/s13105-016-0478-4.
Paredes-Prada ET, Pérez Casanova MF, Lima-Rodrigues JA. Actividad física en adultos: Recomendaciones, determinantes y medición [Physical activity in adults: recommendations, determinants and measurement]. Rev. Haban. Cienc. Méd [Online]. 2020; 19(4):e2906. Available from: https://revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/2906
Simpson RJ, Campbell JP, Gleeson M, Krüger K, Nieman DC, Pyne DB, et al. Can exercise affect immune function to increase susceptibility to infection? Exer. Immunol. Rev [Online]. 2020; 26:8-22. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32139352
Walsh NP, Oliver SJ. Exercise, immune function and respiratory infection: An update on the influence of training and environmental stress. Immunol. Cell Biol [Online]. 2016; 94(2):132-9. DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.99.
Egan B, Zierath JR. Exercise metabolism and the molecular regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation. Cell Metab [Online]. 2013; 17(2):162-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.012.
Nelson ME, Rejeski WJ, Blair SN, Duncan PW, Judge JO, King AC, et al. Physical activity and public health in older adults: Recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007; 116(9):1094-105. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185650.
Hughes DC, Ellefsen S, Baar K. Adaptations to endurance and strength training. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med [Online]. 2018; 8(6):a029769. DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029769
Villareal DT, Aguirre L, Gurney AB, Waters DL, Sinacore DR, Colombo E, et al. Aerobic or Resistance Exercise, or Both, in Dieting Obese Older Adults. N. Engl. J. Med [Online]. 2017; 376(20):1943-55. DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1616338.
Abd El-Kader SM, Al-Shreef FM. Inflammatory cytokines and immune system modulation by aerobic versus resisted exercise training for elderly. Afr. Health Sci [Online]. 2018; 18(1):120-31. DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i1.16.
Bartlett DB, Willis LH, Slentz CA, Hoselton A, Kelly L, Huebner JL, et al. Ten weeks of high-intensity interval walk training is associated with reduced disease activity and improved innate immune function in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study. Arthritis Res. Ther [Online]. 2018; 20(1):127. DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1624-x.
Broadbent S, Coutts R. Graded versus Intermittent Exercise Effects on Lymphocytes in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc [Online]. 2016; 48(9):1655-63. DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000957.
Hagstrom AD, Marshall PWM, Lonsdale C, Papalia S, Cheema BS, Toben C, et al. The effect of resistance training on markers of immune function and inflammation in previously sedentary women recovering from breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial. Breast Cancer Res. Treat [Online]. 2016; 155(3):471-82. DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3688-0.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Universidad y Salud
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
