Spatio-temporal distribution of Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya in Cali, Colombia: 2014-2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.242603.330Palavras-chave:
Doenças transmitidas por vetores, Infecções por arbovirus, Surtos de doenças, Conglomerados espaço-temporaisResumo
Introdução: Arbovírus emergentes e reemergentes representam um desafio de saúde pública nas Américas, devido ao seu potencial epidêmico. Objetivo: Determinar a distribuição espaço-temporal dos vírus dengue, Zika e chikungunya, em período epidêmico em Cali. Materiais e métodos: Estudo multimetodo, descritivo e ecológico exploratório de casos confirmados e suspeitos notificados ao sistema de vigilância epidemiológica, entre 2014 e 2016. Resultados: foram analisados 40.168 casos, constatou-se que a dengue foi a arbovirose mais frequente (59,2 %). Os indivíduos mais acometidos tinham idade média de 34,5 anos e eram predominantemente mulheres (65 %). Os arbovírus foram distribuídos por toda a cidade, mas foram identificados aglomerados significativos no centro-leste e nordeste de Cali para as três doenças (p<0,01; z=-203,7). Conclusão: Este estudo destaca a identificação de zonas críticas para as três arboviroses que estão localizadas em áreas com atraso socioeconômico. Além disso, os resultados sugerem que fatores eco-epidemiológicos e biopsicossociais adicionais à temperatura, à precipitação e ao índice aedico podem desempenhar um papel importante no comportamento espaço-temporal destas doenças. Recomenda-se uma abordagem multidisciplinar e colaborativa, envolvendo a comunidade e as autoridades, para implementar estratégias de controlo eficazes, especialmente durante períodos epidémicos.
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