Complicaciones asociadas y análisis de supervivencia de niños con leucemias agudas tratados con el protocolo BFM-95
Palabras clave:
Leucemia linfoide aguda, Leucemia mieloide aguda, Niño, Complicaciones, Análisis de supervivencia, EpidemiologíaResumen
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar las complicaciones y porcentaje de supervivencia de niños con leucemia linfoide y mieloide aguda tratados con el protocolo Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 95 (BFM-95) de Enero de 2008 a Diciembre de 2010 en el Hospital Infantil “Los Ángeles”.
Materiales y métodos: Una cohorte retrospectiva fue diseñada para evaluar a niños tratados con el protocolo BFM-95 durante tres años en el Hospital Infantil “Los Ángeles”. La información fue obtenida de los datos demográficos del paciente, complicaciones asociadas con el protocolo BFM-95 y supervivencia. Los datos fueron recolectados de las historias médicas y los reportes de fallecimiento del hospital. Las variables nominales fueron presentadas como proporciones y las variables continuas fueron expresadas como medias y desviaciones estándares. El análisis de supervivencia fue realizado por el método Kaplan-Meier. Los datos fueron analizados usando el programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versión 17,0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Resultados: Cincuenta y dos niños fueron incluidos en este estudio. De todo el grupo, 47 (90,4%) tuvieron leucemia linfoide aguda y 5 (9,6%) leucemia mieloide aguda. Treinta y cinco (67,3%) presentaron complicaciones. Veintitres niños (65,7%) mostraron complicaciones infecciosas siendo las más frecuentes. El análisis de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier mostró que los pacientes con complicaciones tuvieron un tiempo más corto de supervivencia comparado a los pacientes sin complicaciones.
Conclusiones: La incidencia de complicaciones fue elevada. El análisis Kaplan-Meier reveló diferencias entre la leucemia linfoide aguda y leucemia mieloide aguda de acuerdo a las complicaciones.
Abstract
Objective: To determine complications and survival percentage in children suffering from acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemia treated with Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 95 (BFM-95) protocol from January 2008 to December 2010 at Los Ángeles Children Hospital.
Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort was designed to evaluate children treated with BFM-95 protocol during three years at Los Ángeles Children Hospital. The Information was obtained from the patient demographics, complications associated with BFM-95 protocol and survival. Data were collected from medical records and hospital decease reports. Nominal variables were presented as proportions and the continuous variables were presented as means and standard deviations. The survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, 17.0 version software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Results: Fifty two children were included in this study. From the whole group, 47 (90.4%) had acute lymphoid leukemia and 5 (9.6%) had acute myeloid leukemia. Thirty five (67.3%) presented complications. Twenty three children (65.7%) had infectious complications, being the most frequent ones. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with complications have shorter survival time compared to patients with no complications.
Conclusions: The incidence of complications was high in children treated with BFM-95 protocol. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed differences between acute lymphoid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia according to complications.
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