Morphological profile of federated weightlifters from the Valparaiso region, Chile
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.212302.228Keywords:
Weight lifting, Anthropometry, Somatotypes, Athletic performanceAbstract
Introduction: Anthropometric profiles allow better planning and execution of sports training in weightlifting. Objective: To describe and compare, according to gender, the anthropometric profile and somatotype of federated weightlifters from the Valparaiso region of Chile. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study that included 40 adult weightlifters. The anthropometric assessment was carried out using the measurement and marking protocol of the International Society for Advances in Kinanthropometry, Ross and Kerr pentacompartmental method, and Heath-Carter somatotype. A Student’s t test was applied for independent samples and U Mann-Whitney was used to compare anthropometric characteristics between groups. The statistical power and effect size were calculated using Cohen’s “d”. Results: There are significant differences between groups for: relative (p=0.003; d=0.96) and absolute (p≤0.001; d=2.42) muscle mass; relative fat mass (p≤0.001; d=1.46); absolute bone mass (p≤0.001; d=1.41); relative (p≤0.001; d=1.96) and absolute (p≤0.001; d=0.97) skin mass; relative (p=0.006; d=1.08) and absolute (p≤0.001; d=2.09) residual mass. Based on the somatotype distribution, the male and female groups were classified as Endo-Mesomorph and Mesomorph-Endomorph, respectively, which showed significant differences in mesomorphism (p≤0.001; d=1.48). Conclusions: There is a predominance of the mesomorphic somatotype, with significant differences in the components of the body composition.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Suchomel TJ, Comfort P, Stone MH. Weightlifting pulling derivatives: Rationale for Implementation and Application. Sports Med. 2015;45(6):823-39. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0314-y.
Martínez-Rodríguez A, Tundidor-Duque RM, Alcaraz PE, Rubio-Arias JA. Estrategias dietéticas y composición corporal en halterofilia de élite: Revisión sistemática. Rev. Esp Nutr Hum Diet. 2017;21(3):237–47. doi: 10.14306/renhyd.21.3.353.
Participants. International Weightlifting Federation [Internet]. [cited 2020 Aug 31]. Disponible en: https://www.iwf.net/weightlifting_/participants/
Otto WH, Coburn JW, Brown LE, Spiering BA. Effects of weightlifting vs. kettlebell training on vertical jump, strength, and body composition. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(5):1199–202. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31824f233e.
Crewther BT, Obmiński Z, Cook CJ. Serum cortisol as a moderator of the relationship between serum testosterone and olympic weightlifting performance in real and simulated competitions. Biol Sport. 2018;35(3):215–21. doi:10.5114/biolsport.2018.74632.
Storey A, Smith HK. Unique aspects of competitive weightlifting. Sport Med. 2012;42(9):769–90. doi: 10.1007/bf03262294.
Ryan-Stewart H, Faulkner J, Jobson S. The influence of somatotype on anaerobic performance. Barbosa TM, editor. PLoS One. 2018;13(5):e0197761. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197761.
Fields JB, Metoyer CJ, Casey JC, Esco MR, Jagim AR, Jones MT. Comparison of body composition variables across a large sample of national collegiate athletic association women athletes from 6 competitive sports. J Strength Cond Res. 2018;32(9):2452–7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002234.
Vaquero-Cristóbal R, Alacid F, Esparza-Ros F, Muyor JM, López-Miñarro PÁ. Características morfológicas y perfil antropométrico en mujeres que practican pilates clásico y mat clásico. Int J Morphol. 2014;32(2):695–702. doi:10.4067/S0717-95022014000200052.
Serairi Beji R, Megdiche Ksouri W, Ben Ali R, Saidi O, Ksouri R, Jameleddine S. Evaluation of nutritional status and body composition of young Tunisian weightlifters. Tunis Med. 2016;94(2):112-7. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27532526/
Pons V, Riera J, Galilea PA, Drobnic F, Banquells M, Ruiz O. Características antropométricas, composición corporal y somatotipo por deportes. Datos de referencia del CAR de San Cugat, 1989-2013. Apunt Med l’Esport. 2015;50(186):65–72. doi:10.1016/j.apunts.2015.01.002.
López C, Aragonés MT. Somatotipo y porcentaje de grasa corporal en halterofilia. Apunts Med Esport. 1989:26(101):151-6. Disponible en: https://www.apunts.org/es-somatotipo-grasa-corporal-halterofilia-articulo-X0213371789050739
Fernández Vieitez JA, Ricardo Aguilera R. Estimación de la masa muscular por diferentes ecuaciones antropométricas en levantadores de pesas de alto nivel. Arch med Deport. 2001;18(86):585–91. Disponible en: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/ibc-23214?lang=es
Rodríguez PX, Castillo VO, Tejo CJ, Rozowski NJ. Somatotipo de los deportistas de alto rendimiento de Santiago, Chile. Rev Chil Nutr. 2014;41(1):29–39. doi:10.4067/S0717-75182014000100004.
da Silva VS, Vieira MF. International society for the advancement of kinanthropometry (Isak) global: International accreditation scheme of the competent anthropometrist. Rev Bras Cineantropometria e Desempenho Hum. 2020;22:e70517. doi: 10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e70517.
Ross WD, Kerr DA. Fraccionamiento de la masa corporal: Un nuevo método para utilizar en nutrición clínica y medicina deportiva. Apunts Sports Med. 1991;28(109):175-88. Disponible en: https://www.apunts.org/en-fraccionamiento-masa-corporal-un-nuevo-articulo-X0213371791052237
Bazyler CD, Mizuguchi S, Zourdos MC, Sato K, Kavanaugh AA, DeWeese BH, et al. Characteristics of a national level female weightlifter peaking for competition: a case study. J Strength Cond Res. 2018;32(11):3029–38. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002379.
Ahtiainen JP, Walker S, Peltonen H, Holviala J, Sillanpää E, Karavirta L, et al. Heterogeneity in resistance training-induced muscle strength and mass responses in men and women of different ages. Age (Omaha). 2016;38(1):1–13. doi: 10.1007/s11357-015-9870-1.
Zamboni M, Turcato E, Santana H, Maggi S, Harris TB, Pietrobelli A, et al. The relationship between body composition and physical performance in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1999;47(12):1403–8. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1999.tb01557.x.
Dao H, Kazin RA. Gender differences in skin: a review of the literature. Gend Med. 2007;4(4):308–28. doi:10.1016/s1550-8579(07)80061-1.
Snyder PJ, Kopperdahl DL, Stephens-Shields AJ, Ellenberg SS, Cauley JA, Ensrud KE, et al. Effect of testosterone treatment on volumetric bone density and strength in older men with low testosterone: A controlled clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177(4):471–9. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.9539.
Herrera-Valenzuela T, Valdés-Badilla P, Soto-Voisier E, Verdugo-Miranda F, Cancino-López J, Sáez-Fuentes M, et al. Rapid weight loss: The case of combat sports. Rev. méd Chile. 2018;146(8):947–8. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872018000800947.
